Record El Niño threatens Great Barrier Reef with ecological shift

 

Image courtesy of fadhlanbr/Shutterstock

Joel Kontinen

Australian Researchers are worried about the impact the strongest-known El Niño will have on the Great Barrier Reef, and whether anything can be done to avert the World Heritage Area’s demise.

With the potentially catastrophic, record-smashing El Niño still peaking in the Pacific Ocean, scientists are warning of a fundamental ecological shift that would see swathes of the Great Barrier Reef become dominated by seaweed instead of coral.

During El Niño events, warmer ocean waters pool in the eastern and central Pacific. However, the phenomenon also dramatically disrupts the usual monsoon troughs, low-pressure zones that bring cooling clouds and rain to the Great Barrier Reef region.

This is why the worst Great Barrier Reef coral-bleaching events have coincided with past El Niños, such as the devastating reef mortality that occurred in 2024.

But corrals have their own way to avert disasters. Coral reefs around the world are at risk of collapse due to rising temperatures and ocean acidification, but the natural adaptability of some species may help buy time.

Coral reefs may be able to adapt better to warmer and more acidic oceans than previously thought, raising hopes that efforts to cut greenhouse gas emissions and restore reefs could offer a chance to preserve these biodiverse ecosystems.

"These results offer us a potential path forward, but it depends entirely on what we decide to do about climate change and local stressors," says Chris Jury of the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa.

God created corals as part of the animal kingdom, and they help fish and octopuses survive amidst dangers.

Sources: 

James Woodford 2026 Record El Niño threatens Great Barrier Reef with ecological shift | New Scientist 8 October

James Dinneen 2024 Here's how coral reefs might survive hotter, more acidic oceans | New Scientist 30 September