It will be Purim in Israel in a few days. In 400 BC during the event, the proud Haman tried to kill all Jews but Mordecai and Esther attempted to kill the Jews, and Haman and his sons were killed on the gallows he had designed for Mordecai.
Now, with
the death of Khamenei on Purim has been reached its goal. The suppressor of the Jews is no more.
Reconstruction of Alnashetri cerropoliciensis. Image courtesy of Gabriel Díaz Yantén, Universidad Nacional de Río Negro.
Joel Kontinen
Not all dinosaurs were big, some were relatively small. They
weighed less than a small chicken.
The 95-million-year-old fossil of Alnashetri cerropoliciensis was
found at the La Buitrera site in northern Patagonia, Argentina, in 2014.
The first specimen of Alnashetri, found in 2012, was a
set of incomplete hindlimb bones, says Peter Makovicky at the
University of Minnesota, who was part of the study on the new fossil. With only
fragmentary remains, it was impossible to say more than that it was probably an Alvarezsaur. “We were not even sure if it was a juvenile or fully grown,” he
says.
“With a whole skeleton, we suddenly had all the information
to understand how Alnashetri was similar or differed from other
species, and a key to understanding how the unusual anatomy of Alvarezsaurs
evolved,” says Makovicky.
The new fossil has very long, slender hind limbs and
surprisingly long forelimbs that retain three well-developed fingers. Detailed
analysis of the fossil bones revealed the dinosaur was an adult and at least 4
years old.
Alvarezsaurs were once thought to be early ancestors of
birds. However, it is now clear that, while Alnashetri might have had
some superficial resemblance to a bird, it and all the Alvarezsaurs were, in
fact, non-avian theropods. “The new discovery certainly underscores this,” says
Mackovicky.
Some evolutionists think that dinosaurs have been descended from
birds.
Previously, it was thought that all the tiny alvarezsaurs
had very short, stout forelimbs with a large thumb but shrunken side digits,
and tiny teeth. Palaeontologists thought these anatomical features evolved
alongside their shrinking body size because they only ate ants and
termites, says Makovicky. “But Alnashetri does not fit that
mould – it is among the smaller Alvarezsaurs, but neither its teeth nor its
forelimbs are reduced, because it represents a much earlier branch on the Alvarezsaur evolutionary tree.”
In fact, its forearms are more typical of other Theropods
rather than a specialist ant-eater, he says. “Alnashetri is tiny but is
otherwise built like a more typical Theropod – given its small size, it
probably ate its fair share of invertebrates, but probably had a wider range of
prey.”
That means palaeontologists still don’t fully understand why
these dinosaurs became so small. “We’re left with only a vaguer sense that Alvarezsaurs were successful at occupying the niches of very small predators,”
says Mackovicky.
Source:
James
Woodford 2026
The Adorant figurine, approximately 38,000 years old, consists of a small, ivory plate bearing an anthropomorphic figure and multiple sequences of notches and dots. Image courtesy of Landesmuseum Württemberg / Hendrik Zwietasch, CC BY 4.0.
Joel Kontinen
Stone Age people 40,000 years ago used a simple form of
writing comparable in complexity to the earliest stages of the world’s first
writing system, cuneiform,
according to a study of mysterious signs engraved on figurines and other
artefacts found in Germany. If confirmed, this pushes back the emergence of a
proto-writing system by more than 30,000 years.
Ancient humans have long made deliberate marks on objects,
but some of the earliest groups of Homo sapiens to arrive in Europe
around 45,000 years ago took this to a new level. Many of the artefacts they
made, such as pendants, tools and figurines, were engraved with sequences of
graphic symbols such as lines, crosses and dots. These groups also painted
symbols on cave walls alongside depictions of animals, and the meaning
of these symbols has been contentious.
But if we think what actually happened so long ago, People have always been people,
According to Genesis, people
would try to write at the very beginning
of society.
Source:
Alison George 2026
Image courtesy of EHT Collaboration.
Joel Kontinen
Does dark matter exist? Some researchers think that it will not but some are adamant that it will in the central black hole that defines our galaxy.
At the centre of our galaxy lies a supermassive black hole
called Sagittarius A* – but one group of researchers is suggesting it may not
be a black hole at all. The team says that it, and other black holes around its
size, may actually be clumps of dark matter.
Dark
matter, so named because it doesn’t seem to interact with light or regular
matter in any way except gravitationally, makes up about 85 per cent of the
total matter in the universe, but we know very little about it. What we do
know, because of the way galaxies rotate, is that most galaxies are embedded in
a halo of the stuff. “We know it has to be at the outskirts of galaxies, but we
don’t know what happens at the very centre,” says Valentina
Crespi at the National University of La Plata (UNLP) in Argentina.
Source:
Leah
Crane 2026
Heat normally flows from hot to cold. Image courtesy of klyaksun/Shutterstock
Joel Kontinen
A forgotten cup of coffee will gradually cool down as its
heat flows into the cooler surrounding air, but in the quantum realm, it
appears this experience can be turned on its head. As a result, we may need to
update the second law of thermodynamics, a fundamental principle of physics
that states heat energy always flows from hot to cold.
But in the computer world, this could be the contrary.
Dawei Lu at
the Southern University of Science and Technology in China and his colleagues
have seemingly broken this law with a molecule of crotonic acid, which contains
atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. The researchers used the nuclei of four
of its carbon atoms as qubits, which are the basic building blocks of quantum
computers and can store quantum information. When used in computation,
researchers normally control the quantum states of the qubits with.
Source:
Karmela
Padavic-Callaghan 2026
A Romanesco broccoli. Image courtesy of Jon Sullivan. Joel Kontinen It is practically impossible to believe that some of the phenomen...
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