“James, Brother of Jesus” Ossuary Is Most Probably Ancient and Authentic

New research suggests that the James ossuary and its inscription are genuine. Image courtesy of Wikipedia.




Joel Kontinen

An ancient limestone bone box or ossuary with the inscription “James, son of Joseph, brother of Jesus” made headlines around the world when Biblical Archaeology Review published an article written by André Lemaire, an expert of Hebrew and Aramaic epigraphy at the Sorbonne in Paris, in the November-December 2002 issue of the magazine. It was toted as one of the most significant archaeological discoveries of all time.

However, as it became known that the ossuary was owned by a private collector, the Israel Antiquities Authority (IAA) called together a committee to investigate the matter. It failed to produce conclusive evidence for or against, however.

The IAA nevertheless filed a lawsuit, accusing the owner, antiquities collector Oded Golan, of forging the inscription on the ossuary.

In early March this year, Judge Aharon Farkash of the Jerusalem District Court issued a verdict in the case, clearing Mr. Golan of all suspicions of forgery.

There is no compelling evidence that would support the forgery hypothesis. In addition to André Lemaire, some other experts also regard the ossuary and its inscription as genuine.

Writing in Biblical Archaeology Review, Hershel Shanks concludes: “There is no reason to doubt the authenticity of the inscription on the James Ossuary. Whether it refers to Jesus of Nazareth remains a question.”


Source:

Shanks, Hershel. 2012. “Brother of Jesus” Inscription Is Authentic!
Biblical Archaeology Review 38 (4), 26-33.

Judge Aharon Farkash: No Evidence of Forgery in the James Ossuary Case

The James ossuary. Image courtesy of Wikipedia.






Joel Kontinen

An ossuary or limestone burial box with the inscription “James, son of Joseph, brother of Jesus” made headlines in 2002. Some experts, for instance Andre Lemaire of the Sorbonne, thought that the ossuary and its inscription were genuine.

Soon, however, the Israel Antiquities Authority (IAA) filed a lawsuit, accusing the owner, antiquities collector Oded Golan, of forging the inscription on the ossuary.

The IAA’s experts declared that the inscription was a later addition to the ossuary.

Now, however, Judge Aharon Farkash of the Jerusalem District Court issued the verdict in the case. He stated that there was no evidence of fraud. He did find Mr. Golan guilty of trading in antiquities without a license, though.

The verdict does not prove that the inscription on the James ossuary is authentic, but it indicates that there is no compelling evidence of it being a forgery.

Source:

Shanks, Hersel. 2012. Verdict: Not Guilty. Two Remaining Defendants Cleared of Forgery Charges After 5-year Trial. Biblical Archaeology Society. (14 March).

Is the James Ossuary Genuine?

The James ossuary was on display at the Royal Ontario Museum from November 15, 2002 to January 5, 2003. Image: Wikipedia.

Joel Kontinen

In November 2002 Biblical Archaeology Review published an article about an old limestone box dating from the first-century AD. It soon made headlines around the world. One side of the burial box or ossuary had the inscription “James, son of Joseph, brother of Jesus” written in Aramaic letters. This was a sensational find since it would probably mean that the ossuary once held the bones of Jesus’ earthly brother, who according to the Book of Acts was one of the early Christian marthyrs.

André Lemaire, an expert of Hebrew and Aramaic epigraphy at the Sorbonne in Paris, who wrote the article, said the inscription was authentic. Researchers at the Geological Survey of Israel likewise vouched for its authenticity.

However, when it became known that the ossuary was bought from Oded Golan, a private arts collector, the Israel Antiquities Authority (IAA) formed a committee to decide whether the inscription on the burial box was authentic or not. At issue was not the authenticity of the ossuary as such but only of the inscription and especially the word Jesus on it.

The committee failed to issue a final report but concluded that the inscription was a forgery. While Lemaire and some other prominent scholars continued to insist that the engraved letters on the ossuary were authentic and not later additions as some had claimed, the IAA began a long forgery trial against Oded Golan in 2004.

Hershel Shanks, editor of Biblical Archaeology Review, has from time to time published updates of the ossuary trial. In a fresh report, he stated that after hearing 75 witnesses, Judge Aharon Farkash, who is presiding over the case, suggested that the prosecution should drop the case for lack of evidence. Even the IAA’s main witness Yuval Goren, former chairman of Tel Aviv University’s Institute of Archaeology, admitted that after all the patina on the word Jesus was original.

While the case is not over yet, it seems very likely that the James ossuary is indeed authentic.

It is good to keep in mind that regardless of what skeptics claim the Bible, from Genesis to Revelation, is a reliable account of history.

Sources:

Lemaire, Andre. 2002. Burial Box of James the Brother of Jesus. Biblical Archaeology Review 28:6, 24-33. (November 2002)

Shanks, Hershel. 2008. Supporters of James Ossuary Inscription’s Authenticity Vindicated. http://bib-arch.org/news/forgery-trial-news.asp.