Two-State Solution?

 

Palestinians and some European states prefer a two-state solution, but Israel says it is not possible any more.

Why Should Christians Be Zionists?

 

Why Should Christians Be Zionists? 

Caves carved by water on Mars may hold signs of past life

 

Image courtesy of NASA’s Mars Global Surveyor

Joel Kontinen

Evolutionists suppose that there might be traces of past life on Mars. They found in traces of channels that might speak of ancient life. However, life needs a creator to begin.

Caves carved by water that once flowed beneath Mars’s surface could have been ideal for life to thrive, if it once existed on the Red Planet, and they might still preserve traces of it today.

Mars is dotted with holes that look like cave entrances, but these are usually near regions that are suspected to have been volcanically active, which suggests they formed due to processes like underground lava flows, rather than the passage of water.

Source:

Alex Wilkins 2025 Caves carved by water on Mars may hold signs of past life | New Scientist 11 November 

Enceladus’s ocean may be even better for life than we realised

 

Plumes of ice particles, water vapour and organic molecules spray from Enceladus’s south polar region. Image courtesy of NASA/JPL-Caltec

Joel Kontinen

Evolutionists think that there might be some kind of life on Enceladus.

The liquid water ocean hidden underneath the icy crust of Enceladus has long made this moon of Saturn one of the best prospects in the hunt for extraterrestrial life – and it just got even more promising. The discovery of heat emanating from the frozen moon’s north pole hints the ocean is stable over geological timescales, giving life time to develop there.

“For the first time we can say with certainty that Enceladus is in a stable state, and that has big implications for habitability,” says Carly Howett at the University of Oxford. “We knew that it had liquid water, all sorts of organic molecules, heat, but the stability was really the final piece of the puzzle.”

Howett and her colleagues used data from NASA’s Cassini spacecraft, which orbited Saturn from 2004 to 2017, to hunt for heat seeping out of Enceladus. Its interior is heated by tidal forces as it is stretched and crunched by Saturn’s gravity, but so far this heat has only been caught leaking out of the south polar regions.

For life to have developed in Enceladus’s ocean, it would require balance: the ocean should be putting out as much heat as is being put in. Measurements of the heat coming out of the south pole don’t account for all of the heat input, but Howett and her team found the north pole is about 7°C warmer than we previously thought. Combined with the heat radiating from the south pole, that matches the total almost exactly – the ice shell is thicker around the equator, so heat only escapes in significant amounts at the poles.

This means the ocean should be stable over long periods of time. “It’s really hard to put a number on it, but we don’t think it’s going to freeze out anytime soon, or that it’s been frozen out anytime recently,” says Howett. “We know life needs time to evolve, and now we can say that it does have that stability.” Actually finding that life, if it is there, is another story entirely. But both NASA and ESA have missions in the works o look for it over the coming decades.

But life needs a Creator.  Life cannot just spring from nothing.

Source:

Leah Crane 2025 Enceladus’s ocean may be even better for life than we realised | New Scientist 7 November 

Kristallnacht

 

Kristallnacht was the start of the Holocaust, which 6 millions Jews were killed. But in 2023 Hamas made also Holocaust. 

A distant galaxy is being strangled by the cosmic web

 

Image courtesy of Illustris Collaboration/ESO

Can a cosmic web strangle a galaxy? This seems to be the case with a distant galaxy.

The cosmic web is killing a galaxy. Galaxies can only continue to form stars when they are full of gas, and one dwarf galaxy nearly 100 million light years away is being stripped of its stellar fuel by the enormous web of matter that stretches throughout the universe.

One side of this galaxy, called AGC 727130, looks completely normal. On the other side, though, the gas is stretched well beyond the galaxy’s edge, pulled away by some unseen force. Nicholas Luber at Columbia University in New York and his colleagues spotted this disintegrating galaxy using the Very Large Array, a radio observatory in New Mexico.

 Source: 

Leah Crane 2025 A distant galaxy is being strangled by the cosmic web | New Scientist 7 November

Toxic algae blighting South Australia could pose a global threat

 

Image courtesy of Australian Associated Press/Alamy

Joel Kontinen

Algae bloom poses a great problem in Australia. It is killing fish.

Over the past eight months, a vast and deadly algal bloom in South Australia has ravaged over 20,000 square kilometres of the marine environment, killed an estimated 1 million animals from more than great 550 species and had widespread impacts on human health.

Now, researchers have finally identified the species behind the ecological disaster, and they warn that it represents an “emerging international threat with unknown consequences”.

The culprit is an algal species named Karenia cristata, which has only previously been reported in two locations near South Africa, where it caused fish die-offs in 1989 and again the mid-1990s, as well as off the coast of Newfoundland, Canada.

 Source:

James Woodford 2025 Toxic algae blighting South Australia could pose a global threat | New Scientist 5 November 

 

Evolutionary scientists may have found a surprisingly nearby cluster of primordial stars

 

Evolutionists think that the very first generation of stars, called Population III stars, are mostly expected to be too distant to see directly – but astronomers may have found some for the very first time. Image courtesy of NOIRLab/NSF/AURA/J. da Silva/Spaceengine/M. Zamani

Joel Kontinen

We may have finally seen the first generation of stars. Astronomers have been looking for these primordial behemoths, called Population III stars, for decades. Now they have found what may be the most promising candidate yet.

Population III stars are expected to be very different from modern, or Population I, stars, says the evolutionists. They would have formed from pristine hydrogen and helium gas, before heavier elements were distributed throughout the universe by supernovae and powerful stellar winds. They are also expected to be bigger and hotter than modern stars.

That is exactly what Eli Visbal at the University of Toledo in Ohio and his colleagues found when they did a detailed analysis of previous James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) observations of a distant galaxy called LAP1-B. It is at a redshift – a number that astronomers use to measure distance – of 6.6, which means we see LAP1-B as it was just about 800 million years after the big bang. That is so far away the only reason we could spot it at all is because its light was magnified by a nearer galaxy cluster in a process called gravitational lensing.

“There should be tons and tons of these all over the observable universe, but we can only look sort of under the lamppost of this cluster that’s magnifying the light,” says Visbal. When he and his team calculated how many Population III star clusters we should find at this redshift, they found that it should be about one – which is what they saw..

Another point in LAP1-B’s favour is it only seems to have enough stars to make up a few thousand times the mass of the sun. Other candidates for Population III galaxies tend to have much higher stellar masses, inconsistent with simulations of how clusters of Population III stars form. “This is the best candidate we have so far,” says Visbal.

Most Population III stars are expected to have lived and died between about 100 and 400 million years after the big bang, after which there would have been enough heavy elements in the cosmos to form stars that are more similar to the ones we see today. “This object ticks many of the boxes, but I am a bit sceptical because it’s late in the game for these stars to be around, and there may be alternatives that might do the job as well,” says Ralf Klessen at Heidelberg University in Germany. “It would be super interesting to see a Population III star cluster, but statistically this would certainly be an outlier.”

 “[For these to be Population III stars], it must be an extremely lucky combination of different factors, each of them extremely rare on its own, and much more rare when they have to happen together.” It will take deeper observations and more detailed simulations to find out for sure if LAP1-B marks the first time we have seen these strange stars.

This is important because understanding Population III stars is crucial to figuring out how and when the first heavy elements formed. “They can tell us how the chemistry of the universe evolved from just hydrogen and helium to all the cool chemistry and life and everything that we have in the universe today,” says Visbal. Population III stars were the first building blocks of the complexity that surrounds us now.

Source:

Leah Crane 2025 We may have found a surprisingly nearby cluster of primordial stars | New Scientist 3 November 

 

Rhinos in Canada

 

Image courtesy of Julius Csotonyi

Joel Kontinen

Ancient 'frosty' rhino from Canada's High Arctic rewrites what scientists thought they knew about the North Atlantic Land Bridge

Rhinos were not supposed to life so far from the equator.  The evolutionists have a reason for this – they claim that the land bridge had brought the continents together, no mention of a global flood which is the more plausible examination as fossils from the flood could have brought to Canada.

Darwinists think that it took millions of years for these animals to reach Canada.

Scientists have called the animal Epiatheracerium itjilik, with the species name meaning "frost" or "frosty" in Inuktitut. These creatures were similar in size to modern Indian rhinos (Rhinoceros unicornis), according to a statement from the Canadian Museum of Nature (CMN). The newly identified fossils are the only specimen found to date and show that the animal died of unknown causes as a young adult.

"What's remarkable about the Arctic rhino is that the fossil bones are in excellent condition," Marisa Gilbert, a CMN paleobiologist and co-author of a new analysis of the remains, said in the statement. "They are three-dimensionally preserved and have only been partially replaced by minerals. About 75% of the skeleton was discovered, which is incredibly complete for a fossil."

The bones were preserved inside the 14-mile-wide (23 kilometers) impact crater thanks to it rapidly filling with water. The crater formed from an asteroid or comet around the same time that the Arctic rhino lived, which suggests the rhino died inside the crater before it became a lake.

The climate in this region was far warmer then than it is today, and plant remains show that the Canadian High Arctic — specifically, Devon Island in Nunavut, where the crater is located — hosted a temperate forest, according to the statement.

As the Miocene epoch (23 million to 5.3 million years ago) transitioned into the Pliocene epoch (5.3 million to 2.6 million years ago) and finally gave way to the last ice age, the fossils were broken up by freeze and thaw cycles and gradually pushed to the surface of the crater. Researchers then found the fossils in 1986.

 Source:

Sarah Kuta - Daily Correspondent 2025 Scientists Discover 'Frosty' Polar Rhino That Roamed the Canadian Arctic 23 Million Years Ago 29 October